Livestock Feed Independence Through On-Site Forage: Species, Grazing Systems, and Seasonal Gaps
Livestock feed independence through on-site forage comes from matching forage species and grazing systems to the animals, soil, rainfall, and winter storage available on the property. Productive pasture, browse, hay crops, and carefully managed residues can reduce purchased feed, but they do not remove the need to balance protein, energy, minerals, and dry-matter supply.